Vitamin D deficiency has been reported to be risk factor its occurrence.Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem in all age groups around the world. Vitamin D increases the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides (cathelicidin), reduces the amount of pre-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukins betta, interleukin-6, TNF-alfa, COX-2 inhibitors and nitric oxide, affects the immune system by increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokins such as interleukin10. Changes in cytokine level and a decrease in antimicrobial peptides during its deficiency contribute to the development of pneumonia.
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